dimanche 18 novembre 2018

The chleuh people

History
The chleuh people live mainly in the Atlas region and Souss they are the descendent of the zianides and sanhaja tribes they got scattered trought the region by tree main events the fall of the Almohad dinasty dinasty the fall of the Merinide dinasty created chaos troughtout morroco and the third one is the bloody attempt to control the chleuh people trought pillaging douars who are villages and also the kasbahs the destruction of goods and the stealing of prime ressources such has food,water etc... But even with that chleuh people are known for surving in extreme conditons they are known for being farmers are sedentary Chleuh they own several lands and are considers to be the main providers of fruits and vegetable in Morroco . Just has the Rifs they fought and refused for centuries the authority of the makhzen the regions occupied with the Chleuhs were called for century Blad siba which means the country of chaos and and lack of order in opposition to Blad al makhzen the parts of Morroco that were controlled by the Alaouite dinasty . Just like the Rif  the atlas was governed by the tribal law inspired by ancient pre islamic costumes and Sharia law . For instance robbery was punished by being ostracized for a certain amount of time according to the gravity of the crime .

Clothing
Men used to wear jellabas but the wool burnous was and is more common because it keeps warm especially in cold climates like in the Atlas region and is also practical for sheperds . But the colors and pathern differed according to the social place that men held in the Amazigh society and also between the various tribes for instance the Ait Atta which is one of the most famous tribe in the region were recognized with more darker colors in the burnous colors varied from grey to black to a darker shade of brown and were accompagned generally with a white gandoura worn by all the men in the region and they wear a really loose under pants going from the belly button to the knees called saroual it is Iranian in orgin and worn by a majority of men in the Mena region . It was also common for men of the atlas to wear the Ammama. It was also a custom among certain Amazigh men to travel will the face veiled it was called being mlatham especially when travelling trought the desert to protect oneself from the sand storm but also to ward off the evil eye and the amourous Jinns .

Ait Atta man with a white gandoura a grey
burnous and a white Amama





















Women's clothing are bit more diverse and are attached to different customs .When women reaches mariageable she must wear either the haik or the khent which is a long veil generally black dark blue or violet but it is not worn in the same way for example unwed women don't cover their faces and wear it even if there is exceptions it is a simple veil with no ornaments .The married women have a khent with colorful pathern and are adorned with jewlery they are given has a Mahr which is the equivalent of a dowery and also must cover her face out of respect for her husband .Some may even ask that the eyes of their wives don't appear.

Unwed Atlassi woman in simple Khent
married Atlassi woman in Haik




















Married women in Khent
















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